The Ulster medical journal · 2026
Investigating the Role of Tetranectin in Ischaemic Heart Disease and Heart Failure.
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Bhandari Alisha, Edgar Kevin, Glezeva Nadia, Gallagher Joe, Rammos Aidonis, Ledwidge Mark, McDonald Ken, Naka Katerina, Grieve David, Watson Chris
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Cardiac diseases represent 32% of deaths globally1. Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of heart failure (HF). Progressive fibrosis in IHD contributes to the dysfunction in HF2. Investigation of novel proteins with prior association to extracellular remodelling provide invaluable information behind the underlying pathology of cardiac disease. Tetranectin is a plasma protein previously linked to cardiac remodelling. Recent literature highlighted its potential to compete against N-Terminal pro Brain Natriuretic Peptide as a diagnostic biomarker for HF3. This study aimed to investigate whether tetranectin is protective or contributory to IHD, and its potential as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker of acute heart failure (AHF).
METHODS: Environments of normoxia (21% O2) and hypoxia (1% O2) with cultured human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) were used to mimic ischaemia within the myocardium and determine the hypoxic response of tetranectin. Assessment of myocardial repair using in vivo studies of wild type and tetranectin gene knockout mice undergoing experimental myocardial infarction through coronary artery ligation surgery. Assessment of tetranectin as a biomarker in a breathless nonHF population and those with AHF was undertaken using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay assessing the ability to predict disease using plasma tetranectin levels.An illustration of the role of cardiac fibroblasts in myocardial infarction. The diagram highlights how the research was carried out an in vitro level and at an in vivo level for the purpose of clinical translation. Clinical translation of this research will aim to provide further insight into the mechanisms and effects of cardiac fibrosis due to fibroblast in the heart. The figure was created using BioRender.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study will help clarify the attributes of tetranectin and its relationship with fibrosis and inflammation following myocardial injury. The use of plasma tetranectin may serve as a potential biomarker in HF, specifically differentiating between patients presenting with symptoms of breathlessness but have normal heart function or AHF.
METHODS: Environments of normoxia (21% O2) and hypoxia (1% O2) with cultured human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) were used to mimic ischaemia within the myocardium and determine the hypoxic response of tetranectin. Assessment of myocardial repair using in vivo studies of wild type and tetranectin gene knockout mice undergoing experimental myocardial infarction through coronary artery ligation surgery. Assessment of tetranectin as a biomarker in a breathless nonHF population and those with AHF was undertaken using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay assessing the ability to predict disease using plasma tetranectin levels.An illustration of the role of cardiac fibroblasts in myocardial infarction. The diagram highlights how the research was carried out an in vitro level and at an in vivo level for the purpose of clinical translation. Clinical translation of this research will aim to provide further insight into the mechanisms and effects of cardiac fibrosis due to fibroblast in the heart. The figure was created using BioRender.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study will help clarify the attributes of tetranectin and its relationship with fibrosis and inflammation following myocardial injury. The use of plasma tetranectin may serve as a potential biomarker in HF, specifically differentiating between patients presenting with symptoms of breathlessness but have normal heart function or AHF.