Journal of breast imaging · 2026
Clinical Characteristics of Interval Breast Cancer Diagnosed Within 12 Months of a Normal Screening Mammogram Compared with Those Diagnosed Between 13-24 Months in Utah.
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Wei Mei, Pappas Lisa, Van Meter Margaret, Freer Phoebe, Buys Saundra S, Curtin Karen
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Interval breast cancer (IBC) is detected after a negative/benign screening mammogram, but before the next expected screening mammogram. This study examined clinical characteristics and risk factors for 1-12 month (12 m IBC) and 13-24 month (24 m IBC).
METHODS: Utah medical records linked to cancer data were used to define a cohort of 149 769 women age 38-79 years with no history of breast cancer prior to a first-observed screening mammogram between 2005-2019, with at least one normal or benign (including probably benign) result. Index screening mammogram was defined as the last normal/benign mammogram before a diagnostic mammogram or clinical encounter leading to a breast cancer diagnosis, but before the next expected screening. Cancers identified by the diagnostic mammogram or clinical encounter after the index mammogram defined an IBC. Clinical characteristics of 12 m IBC were compared to 24 m IBC using multivariable logistic regression.
RESULTS: The study population included 2122 women with IBC: 486 (22.9%) 12 m IBC and 1636 (77.1%) 24 m IBC. Compared to those ≥70 years, younger women were more likely to develop 12 m vs 24 m IBC (eg, age 38-49 years, OR = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.61-3.40, P < 0.01). Compared to 24 m IBC, 12 m IBC was associated with higher odds of axillary lymph node metastases (OR = 1.68, 95%CI: 1.29-2.19, P < 0.01); HER2+ cancer (OR = 2.10, 95%CI: 1.36-3.22, P < 0.01); triple negative cancer (OR = 2.08, 95%CI: 1.26-3.39, P < 0.01); and extremely dense breast tissue (OR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.13-3.80, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: 12 m IBC may be more aggressive than 24 m IBC. Women under 70 years old may benefit from annual instead of biennial screening mammogram.
METHODS: Utah medical records linked to cancer data were used to define a cohort of 149 769 women age 38-79 years with no history of breast cancer prior to a first-observed screening mammogram between 2005-2019, with at least one normal or benign (including probably benign) result. Index screening mammogram was defined as the last normal/benign mammogram before a diagnostic mammogram or clinical encounter leading to a breast cancer diagnosis, but before the next expected screening. Cancers identified by the diagnostic mammogram or clinical encounter after the index mammogram defined an IBC. Clinical characteristics of 12 m IBC were compared to 24 m IBC using multivariable logistic regression.
RESULTS: The study population included 2122 women with IBC: 486 (22.9%) 12 m IBC and 1636 (77.1%) 24 m IBC. Compared to those ≥70 years, younger women were more likely to develop 12 m vs 24 m IBC (eg, age 38-49 years, OR = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.61-3.40, P < 0.01). Compared to 24 m IBC, 12 m IBC was associated with higher odds of axillary lymph node metastases (OR = 1.68, 95%CI: 1.29-2.19, P < 0.01); HER2+ cancer (OR = 2.10, 95%CI: 1.36-3.22, P < 0.01); triple negative cancer (OR = 2.08, 95%CI: 1.26-3.39, P < 0.01); and extremely dense breast tissue (OR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.13-3.80, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: 12 m IBC may be more aggressive than 24 m IBC. Women under 70 years old may benefit from annual instead of biennial screening mammogram.