Neurology. Education · 2026
Education Research: Career, Research, and Mentorship Outcomes of an International Neuroimmunology Education Exchange Program.
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Marin Cassia Elisa, Leles Vieira de Souza Bruna, Moreira Ferreira Vanessa Fernanda, Mahler Joao Vitor, Braga Nathane, Pitombeira Milena Sales, Talim Natalia, Mendes Maria Fernanda, Marques Vanessa Daccach, Damasceno Alfredo, Gomes Neto Antonio Pereira, Ferreira Maria Lucia Brito, D Almeida José Artur Costa, Tenembaum Silvia N, Montalban Xavier, Ontaneda Daniel, Callegaro Dagoberto, Becker Jefferson, Lana-Peixoto Marco A, Matiello Marcelo
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Subspecialty exchange programs in neuroimmunology are scarce and have not been formally evaluated. We assessed participant-reported outcomes of the Neuroimmunology Exchange Scholarship Program (PROBEN), a 1-month immersive placement sponsored by the Brazilian Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis, covering career trajectory, research engagement, and mentorship.
METHODS: Cross-sectional online survey of all 39 Brazilian neurology residents, fellows, and early-career neurologists who completed a PROBEN placement during the 3 most recent cycles (2023-2025) at 13 host centers (9 in Brazil, 4 abroad); 30 responded (77%). Outcomes were compared by career stage at placement (early career, residents or general neurologists, vs later stage, neuroimmunology fellows or neuroimmunologists) and by location (national vs international), using the Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square (Yates correction), and Fisher exact tests. Analyses were exploratory and unadjusted for multiple comparisons.
RESULTS: The mean age was 30 years (range 26-38); 18 respondents (60%) were early career and 18 (60%) trained at national centers. Satisfaction was high (17 of 30 [57%] excellent), all 30 would recommend the program, and 18 of 29 (62%, 95% CI 44-77) reported that it influenced their decision to continue in neuroimmunology, with no difference by location (p = 0.94). Perceived clinical (p = 0.71) and scientific (p = 0.46) knowledge gains were similar across settings. International placement was associated with more post-program conference presentations (9 of 12 vs 2 of 18; odds ratio 24.0, 95% CI 3.4-171.6; p = 0.001) and maintained mentor contact (11 of 12 vs 9 of 18; odds ratio 11.0, 95% CI 1.2-104.0; p = 0.02). Research activity (p = 0.009; epsilon-squared 0.23) and mentor engagement (p = 0.03; epsilon-squared 0.16) were higher among later-stage participants. Overall, 11 of 30 (37%) reported research output and 1 of 30 (3%) a completed or published manuscript.
DISCUSSION: Participants in this 1-month neuroimmunology exchange reported sustained subspecialty interest, ongoing mentorship, and academic engagement. Later career stage and international placement were associated with greater academic engagement in this cohort. Because participants were competitively selected and largely self-selected into placement location, these associations should not be read as causal effects of the program.
METHODS: Cross-sectional online survey of all 39 Brazilian neurology residents, fellows, and early-career neurologists who completed a PROBEN placement during the 3 most recent cycles (2023-2025) at 13 host centers (9 in Brazil, 4 abroad); 30 responded (77%). Outcomes were compared by career stage at placement (early career, residents or general neurologists, vs later stage, neuroimmunology fellows or neuroimmunologists) and by location (national vs international), using the Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square (Yates correction), and Fisher exact tests. Analyses were exploratory and unadjusted for multiple comparisons.
RESULTS: The mean age was 30 years (range 26-38); 18 respondents (60%) were early career and 18 (60%) trained at national centers. Satisfaction was high (17 of 30 [57%] excellent), all 30 would recommend the program, and 18 of 29 (62%, 95% CI 44-77) reported that it influenced their decision to continue in neuroimmunology, with no difference by location (p = 0.94). Perceived clinical (p = 0.71) and scientific (p = 0.46) knowledge gains were similar across settings. International placement was associated with more post-program conference presentations (9 of 12 vs 2 of 18; odds ratio 24.0, 95% CI 3.4-171.6; p = 0.001) and maintained mentor contact (11 of 12 vs 9 of 18; odds ratio 11.0, 95% CI 1.2-104.0; p = 0.02). Research activity (p = 0.009; epsilon-squared 0.23) and mentor engagement (p = 0.03; epsilon-squared 0.16) were higher among later-stage participants. Overall, 11 of 30 (37%) reported research output and 1 of 30 (3%) a completed or published manuscript.
DISCUSSION: Participants in this 1-month neuroimmunology exchange reported sustained subspecialty interest, ongoing mentorship, and academic engagement. Later career stage and international placement were associated with greater academic engagement in this cohort. Because participants were competitively selected and largely self-selected into placement location, these associations should not be read as causal effects of the program.