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Войти в исследования Clinical oral investigations · 2026
Clinical and ultrasonographic assessment of periodontal tissue response during the early fixed-retention phase: A prospective cohort study.
СтатьяНаблюдательное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Ozdemir Metehan, Aydindogan Sefa, Ileri Zehra
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate periodontal hard- and soft-tissue changes during the early fixed-retention phase after orthodontic treatment using high-frequency intraoral ultrasonography, with a focus on post-treatment sagittal tooth inclination.
METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, 53 systemically healthy participants who had completed fixed orthodontic treatment within the preceding week were followed for 6 months. Overall, 636 anterior teeth were categorized as maxillary retroclination (U-Ret), maxillary proclination (U-Pro), mandibular retroclination (L-Ret) and mandibular proclination (L-Pro). Clinical periodontal parameters and ultrasonographic measurements were recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Ultrasound outcomes included marginal bone level (MBL), marginal bone thickness (MBT), supracrestal tissue height (STH), and gingival thickness at 1 (GT1) and 2 mm (GT2) apical to the free gingival margin. Data were analyzed using linear and generalized linear mixed-effects models.
RESULTS: Plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding on probing generally decreased, while probing depth remained stable. From baseline to 6 months, keratinized tissue width decreased significantly in proclination groups and increased in retroclination groups (p<0.001). In contrast, ultrasonography detected inclination-dependent structural changes. U-Pro and L-Pro groups showed significant reductions in MBT, GT1, and GT2 over 6 months (p<0.001), while L-Ret demonstrated significant increases in MBT and GT (p<0.001). MBL remained stable across all groups.
CONCLUSIONS: The early fixed-retention phase may appear clinically stable while showing measurable buccal tissue changes, particularly around proclined teeth with a thin phenotype.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Intraoral ultrasonography may help clinicians monitor subtle periodontal hard- and soft-tissue adaptations during orthodontic retention. (Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT07414264).
METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, 53 systemically healthy participants who had completed fixed orthodontic treatment within the preceding week were followed for 6 months. Overall, 636 anterior teeth were categorized as maxillary retroclination (U-Ret), maxillary proclination (U-Pro), mandibular retroclination (L-Ret) and mandibular proclination (L-Pro). Clinical periodontal parameters and ultrasonographic measurements were recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Ultrasound outcomes included marginal bone level (MBL), marginal bone thickness (MBT), supracrestal tissue height (STH), and gingival thickness at 1 (GT1) and 2 mm (GT2) apical to the free gingival margin. Data were analyzed using linear and generalized linear mixed-effects models.
RESULTS: Plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding on probing generally decreased, while probing depth remained stable. From baseline to 6 months, keratinized tissue width decreased significantly in proclination groups and increased in retroclination groups (p<0.001). In contrast, ultrasonography detected inclination-dependent structural changes. U-Pro and L-Pro groups showed significant reductions in MBT, GT1, and GT2 over 6 months (p<0.001), while L-Ret demonstrated significant increases in MBT and GT (p<0.001). MBL remained stable across all groups.
CONCLUSIONS: The early fixed-retention phase may appear clinically stable while showing measurable buccal tissue changes, particularly around proclined teeth with a thin phenotype.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Intraoral ultrasonography may help clinicians monitor subtle periodontal hard- and soft-tissue adaptations during orthodontic retention. (Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT07414264).