Infection prevention in practice · 2026
Microbiological profile and antimicrobial resistance of surgical wound infections in a tertiary hospital in Azerbaijan.
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Suleymanova Tarana H, Garayev Gunduz A, Gadirova Hagigat A, Huseynov Ravil M, Mukhtarov Orkhan A
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Surgical wound infections are a common healthcare-associated complication and are complicated by antimicrobial resistance, which limits empirical treatment options. Local pathogen and susceptibility data are needed to guide empirical therapy and stewardship in Azerbaijan.
AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the microbiological profile of surgical wound cultures and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of recovered isolates in a tertiary hospital in Azerbaijan.
METHODS: A retrospective laboratory-based study was conducted from August to December 2024 using surgical wound culture records and susceptibility data. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration-based methods and interpreted according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing criteria.
FINDINGS: Out of 344 surgical wound culture records, 45 had no microbial growth and 299 were analysed. The most frequent micro-organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (84/299, 28.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (54/299, 18.1%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (24/299, 8.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (22/299, 7.4%), and Escherichia coli (19/299, 6.4%). Among S. aureus isolates, 13 of 84 (15.5%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus. All tested S. aureus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid. Ps. aeruginosa showed the highest susceptibility to meropenem (90.7%), amikacin (85.2%), and imipenem (82.7%). Among Enterobacterales, carbapenems showed the highest overall in-vitro activity in the tested panels. Of 195 isolates eligible for multi-drug-resistant (MDR)/extensively drug-resistant (XDR) assessment, 93 (47.7%) were MDR, including 8 (4.1%) possible XDR and 2 (1.0%) as confirmed XDR.
CONCLUSION: Surgical wound cultures were dominated by S. aureus and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli. Given increasing resistance, particularly among Gram-negative pathogens and persistent surveillance gaps, these findings support routine culture-based diagnosis and use of local susceptibility data to guide empirical therapy and antimicrobial stewardship.
AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the microbiological profile of surgical wound cultures and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of recovered isolates in a tertiary hospital in Azerbaijan.
METHODS: A retrospective laboratory-based study was conducted from August to December 2024 using surgical wound culture records and susceptibility data. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration-based methods and interpreted according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing criteria.
FINDINGS: Out of 344 surgical wound culture records, 45 had no microbial growth and 299 were analysed. The most frequent micro-organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (84/299, 28.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (54/299, 18.1%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (24/299, 8.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (22/299, 7.4%), and Escherichia coli (19/299, 6.4%). Among S. aureus isolates, 13 of 84 (15.5%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus. All tested S. aureus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid. Ps. aeruginosa showed the highest susceptibility to meropenem (90.7%), amikacin (85.2%), and imipenem (82.7%). Among Enterobacterales, carbapenems showed the highest overall in-vitro activity in the tested panels. Of 195 isolates eligible for multi-drug-resistant (MDR)/extensively drug-resistant (XDR) assessment, 93 (47.7%) were MDR, including 8 (4.1%) possible XDR and 2 (1.0%) as confirmed XDR.
CONCLUSION: Surgical wound cultures were dominated by S. aureus and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli. Given increasing resistance, particularly among Gram-negative pathogens and persistent surveillance gaps, these findings support routine culture-based diagnosis and use of local susceptibility data to guide empirical therapy and antimicrobial stewardship.