[Dynamics of behavioral factors and attitudes toward vaccination in moscow during the COVID-19 pandemic: from the acute phase to adaptation].

BACKGROUND

The transition of the COVID-19 pandemic from the acute phase to adaptation was accompanied by changes in preventive behavior, institutional trust, emotional state and attitudes toward vaccination.

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the dynamics of awareness, preventive behavior, trust, emotional state and attitudes toward vaccination among Moscow residents in 2021 compared with 2020.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

The survey tool was developed by the WHO Regional Office for Europe with support from the University of Erfurt and adapted to the Moscow context. CATI was conducted using a stratified dual-frame sample. The article analyzes the 4th and 5th survey waves: February 2021 (n = 1038) and July-August 2021 (n = 998).

RESULTS

By the 5th wave, adherence to most preventive measures decreased, especially social distancing, limiting contacts and using hand sanitizers. The proportion not wearing gloves increased sharply after the requirement was lifted. The mean self-assessment of emotional state decreased to 3.47 points; institutional assessments declined and vaccination attitudes became more polarized.

CONCLUSIONS

Public health strategies should combine consistent scientific communication, targeted work with vaccine-hesitant groups and horizontal trust.