Nursing philosophy : an international journal for healthcare professionals · 2026
In Nietzsche's Sickroom: Kafka, the Will to Power, and a Tragic Ontology of Nursing.
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Lassad Gharbi
Аннотация
Nursing philosophy has drawn on Friedrich Nietzsche before, but almost always to theorise the nurse's professional identity or the profession's political position: his Übermensch as a figure of self-overcoming against managerial instrumentalisation, his genealogy of morals as a lens that unmasks caring itself as a resentful inversion of medicine's authority, his transvaluation of values as a resource against neoliberal capture. Each reading stops at the threshold of the ward's politics. This paper turns instead to the ontological relation between the nurse and a body that cannot be cured, bringing two resources together for the first time in this literature: Franz Kafka's dramatisation of illness as bureaucratic and bodily absurdity, and Nietzsche's philosophy of affirmation and self-overcoming, traced back to its origin in the Dionysian dissolution of individuation first set out in The Birth of Tragedy. Both writers, moreover, tested their thought against their own bodies. Kafka died of laryngeal tuberculosis, unable to speak, communicating in written notes, kept alive at the end by a companion and a medical-student friend who administered his morphine. Nietzsche spent his last decade in a collapse that his philosophy of the sovereign, value-creating individual has no vocabulary to describe-a collapse whose delusional letters, read alongside his early aesthetics, look less like an interruption of his thought than an involuntary literalisation of it-nursed first by his mother and then by a sister who rewrote his intellectual legacy while he could no longer answer for himself. Reading these two deaths together, the paper argues that nursing ontology should rest neither on the presumption that suffering can always be made to mean something, nor on a philosophy of self-sufficient power that cannot survive contact with real dependency, but on a tragic-relational stance that affirms life inside, rather than despite, the vulnerability it cannot resolve.