Moghat, the roots of Glossostemon bruguieri (Desf.) as a nutraceutical against metabolic syndrome through PI3K/AKT/mTOR and TLR4-MYD88-p38 MAPK pathways.

OBJECTIVES

This research was designed to assess the impact and underlying pathways of the root aqueous extract of Moghat root (MRE) on metabolic syndrome (MS).

METHODS

The extract's constituents were identified through HPLC analysis, followed by evaluation of its impact on lipid and glucose metabolism using in vitro and in vivo assays.

KEY FINDINGS: In a high-fat high-carbohydrate diet, streptozotocin animal model-induced MS, MRE increased fat accumulation and diminished the genes expression included in lipogenesis. Moreover, the extract enhanced obesity, the resistance of insulin, the amounts of lipid, oxidative stress, and hepatic function in MS rats after a 4 weeks intervention orally with the extract at 100 and 200 mg/kg related to metformin at 200 mg/kg after verification of diabetes. MRE decreased the expression of hepatic INSR, Srebf1, mTOR, PI3K, AKT, NF-κβ, and IL-6 through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to inhibit inflammation and lipid accumulation and achieve its hypolipidemic effect. Moreover, MRE decreased the expression of MYD88 and p38 MAPK which was confirmed in liver tissue by using IHC analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

Our data proposed that MRE could improve MS by improving lipid metabolism via numerous pathways and can be progressed into dietary supplements for the correction of MS.