Before Guillain-Barré syndrome is attributed to a Zika infection, the presence of flavivirus RNA must be confirmed by PCR.

The Zika virus, an RNA arbovirus, is known to trigger Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). However, to establish that the Zika virus is indeed the causative agent, its presence must be confirmed - preferably via direct PCR. Detection of anti-Zika IgM antibodies should not be used for this purpose, as they can persist. Confirming Zika as the trigger for GBS also requires ruling out all other potential causes of the syndrome. Furthermore, all comorbidities and concomitant medications must be documented and included in the analysis. Finally, it is essential to refer GBS patients, regardless of the underlying cause, to a specialized department as soon as typical clinical symptoms appear.