Psychometric Properties of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVE

To systematically identify and evaluate the psychometric properties of patient-reported outcome measures for assessing cancer-related cognitive impairment.

METHODS

This systematic review was conducted in accordance with COSMIN methodology. Five databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science and PsycInfo) were searched from inception to December 31, 2025. Studies reporting the development and/or validation of PROMs for assessing CRCI were eligible for inclusion. Methodological quality was assessed using the COSMIN Risk of Bias Checklist. Psychometric properties were rated using the COSMIN criteria, and the quality of evidence for each instrument was graded using a modified GRADE approach.

RESULTS

A total of 28 studies encompassing 19 PROMs for assessing CRCI were included. Measurement error and responsiveness were each evaluated in one study. The EORTC IADL-BN32 was the only Grade A instrument, although its evidence was restricted to adults with brain tumours. The other 18 instruments received Grade B recommendations, indicating that they have potential for use but require further validation.

CONCLUSIONS

The EORTC IADL-BN32 is currently the best-supported instrument for adults with brain tumours, but its applicability to broader CRCI populations remains uncertain and requires further validation. Evidence for interpreting change was particularly limited, since measurement error and responsiveness were each evaluated in only one study, and neither yielded sufficient evidence. Instrument selection should be population- and purpose-specific, and further validation of measurement error, responsiveness and cross-cultural validity is required. Future studies should adhere to COSMIN guidelines to ensure comprehensive evaluation of all psychometric properties during instrument development and validation.

REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (CRD420251033872).