Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026
Serum exosomal DDX17 in the diagnosis and action mechanism of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Huang Defa, Zhao Minghong, Liu Meijin, Chen Tao, Chen Zihao, Xie Yuhuan, Yu Haiyang, Zhong Shuqian, Huang Junyun, Rao Dingyu
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore DDX17 protein expression as a diagnostic biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its roles in the occurrence and development of HCC.
METHODS: The proteomics sequencing method was applied to study nine samples of exosomes separated from HCC tissues and corresponding normal non-cancerous tissues. We also performed nanoflow cytometry analysis of DDX17 expression in serum-derived exosomes from 102 HCC patients, 58 persons with liver cirrhosis (LC), and 80 healthy donors (HDs). The feasibility of DDX17 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The effects of HCC-derived exosomal DDX17 on LX-2 cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were evaluated through cell proliferation, colony formation, wound healing, transwell migration, and western blotting assays.
RESULTS: We found that exosomes produced by HCC cells had much higher levels of DDX17 than those produced by the adjacent non-cancerous tissues. ROC analysis showed that exosomal DDX17 has a strong ability to distinguish HCC with both high sensitivity and high specificity. If the exosomal DDX17 result is negative, then we expect it to be a new kind of diagnostic biomarker. Moreover, we observed that DDX17-positive exosome subtypes isolated from the HepG2 cell line increased cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT in the LX-2 cell line.
CONCLUSION: DDX17-positive exosomes are potential diagnostic biomarkers of HCC and are expected to promote tumor growth, migration, invasion, and EMT.
METHODS: The proteomics sequencing method was applied to study nine samples of exosomes separated from HCC tissues and corresponding normal non-cancerous tissues. We also performed nanoflow cytometry analysis of DDX17 expression in serum-derived exosomes from 102 HCC patients, 58 persons with liver cirrhosis (LC), and 80 healthy donors (HDs). The feasibility of DDX17 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The effects of HCC-derived exosomal DDX17 on LX-2 cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were evaluated through cell proliferation, colony formation, wound healing, transwell migration, and western blotting assays.
RESULTS: We found that exosomes produced by HCC cells had much higher levels of DDX17 than those produced by the adjacent non-cancerous tissues. ROC analysis showed that exosomal DDX17 has a strong ability to distinguish HCC with both high sensitivity and high specificity. If the exosomal DDX17 result is negative, then we expect it to be a new kind of diagnostic biomarker. Moreover, we observed that DDX17-positive exosome subtypes isolated from the HepG2 cell line increased cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT in the LX-2 cell line.
CONCLUSION: DDX17-positive exosomes are potential diagnostic biomarkers of HCC and are expected to promote tumor growth, migration, invasion, and EMT.