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Войти в исследования Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026
Social determinants of partner and non-partner sexual violence against women in Chile: a population-based multilevel analysis.
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Crispi Francisca, Fuentes-García Alejandra, Libuy Nicolás
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Sexual violence against women is a major public health problem in Latin America, yet evidence on its social determinants is scarce and often conflates partner and non-partner forms. We characterised determinants of intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV), non-partner sexual assault (NPSA), and non-partner sexual harassment (NPSH) in Chile and compared their risk profiles.
METHODS: We analysed pooled 2017 and 2020 rounds of the Chilean National Survey on Violence in the Family and Other Settings, representative of urban women aged 15 years or older; fieldwork preceded Chile's first COVID-19 case. We fitted multilevel logistic regression for past-year outcomes, women nested in municipalities.
FINDINGS: The sample comprised 13,128 women (8335 for IPSV models). Past-year prevalence was 2.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4-3.3) for IPSV, 2.5% (2.1-3.0) for NPSA, and 11.3% (10.4-12.3) for NPSH. IPSV was associated with relational factors: dominant relationship (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 6.40, 4.68-8.76) and partner violence elsewhere (2.79, 1.75-4.43); between-municipality variance was negligible. NPSA and NPSH concentrated in younger women and the Metropolitan Region (OR 2.92 [2.00-4.28] and 2.29 [1.77-2.96]); both were associated with social participation (1.49 [1.11-2.00] and 1.26 [1.09-1.46]). Childhood sexual abuse was associated with all three (OR 2.05 [1.45-2.89], 3.03 [2.20-4.20], and 2.06 [1.72-2.46]). Reported non-partner victimisation rose between 2017 and 2020, pre-pandemic.
INTERPRETATION: Risk profiles differed: relational and life-course for IPSV, age-graded and metropolitan for NPSA and NPSH; childhood sexual abuse was common to all three, supporting trauma-informed responses.
FUNDING: Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, Chile (Doctoral Scholarship 21212141).
METHODS: We analysed pooled 2017 and 2020 rounds of the Chilean National Survey on Violence in the Family and Other Settings, representative of urban women aged 15 years or older; fieldwork preceded Chile's first COVID-19 case. We fitted multilevel logistic regression for past-year outcomes, women nested in municipalities.
FINDINGS: The sample comprised 13,128 women (8335 for IPSV models). Past-year prevalence was 2.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4-3.3) for IPSV, 2.5% (2.1-3.0) for NPSA, and 11.3% (10.4-12.3) for NPSH. IPSV was associated with relational factors: dominant relationship (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 6.40, 4.68-8.76) and partner violence elsewhere (2.79, 1.75-4.43); between-municipality variance was negligible. NPSA and NPSH concentrated in younger women and the Metropolitan Region (OR 2.92 [2.00-4.28] and 2.29 [1.77-2.96]); both were associated with social participation (1.49 [1.11-2.00] and 1.26 [1.09-1.46]). Childhood sexual abuse was associated with all three (OR 2.05 [1.45-2.89], 3.03 [2.20-4.20], and 2.06 [1.72-2.46]). Reported non-partner victimisation rose between 2017 and 2020, pre-pandemic.
INTERPRETATION: Risk profiles differed: relational and life-course for IPSV, age-graded and metropolitan for NPSA and NPSH; childhood sexual abuse was common to all three, supporting trauma-informed responses.
FUNDING: Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, Chile (Doctoral Scholarship 21212141).