Unpacking behavioral and organizational enablers of blockchain adoption: A hybrid PLS-ANN-fsQCA investigation.

Blockchain technology has ushered as a transformative force, offering enhanced transparency, security and traceability across supply chains. Despite its potential, blockchain adoption in supply chain finance remains limited. This study integrates the Technology-Organization-Environment framework with key constructs from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology to identify behavioral drivers of blockchain adoption. It captures technological, organizational, and environmental influences alongside individual beliefs related to usefulness and ease of use, offering a multi-dimensional view of adoption behavior in supply chain finance. Data from 238 supply chain professionals were analyzed using an integrated approach combining Structural Equation Modelling, Artificial Neural Network technique and Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. The findings indicate that top management and trading partner support are the most influential predictors, followed by organizational readiness, technology maturity, and performance expectancy. Meanwhile, relative advantage, competitive pressure, and effort expectancy exert no significant influence. By integrating two mutually reinforcing theories, validated through a multi-method analytical approach, this study offers the first multi-dimensional assessment of blockchain adoption in India's supply chain finance context, providing actionable insights for strategic alignment and policy formulation to facilitate wider diffusion.