Sperm, Neutrophil and Vascular Alterations in Advanced Paternal Age Model and the Nutraceutical Effect of Açaí to Mitigate Health Vulnerability in the Male Offspring.

Açaí is considered a super fruit for its high concentration of flavonoid polyphenols, predominantly anthocyanins. The nutraceutical effect of açaí as an anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic agent has been reported. This study aimed to investigate whether açaí protects paternal contribution against accelerated aging using the D-galactose model. Wistar rats (n = 24) were treated by voluntary consumption with vehicle paste (C) or a mixture with 200 mg/kg of D-galactose (DG) or 300 mg/kg of lyophilized açaí (A); D-galactose and açaí (DGA) were given separately. Fathers (F0) and offspring (F1) underwent Doppler ultrasound (aorta and kidney) and spermatic and immune cell analyses. In the F0 generation, the DG group showed altered epididymis weight, sperm quality, aortic diameter, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, systolic velocity and renal resistivity index. Açaí positively modulated sperm, neutrophil and vascular alterations in F0. The male F1 of the DG group showed lower body mass, as well as a greater number of abnormal spermatozoa and leukocyte DNA breaks; however, the DGA group had a significant increase in body mass and the NRL was positively correlated with leukocyte DNA breaks. Our data indicate that age acceleration, induced by D-galactose for 30 days, causes innate physiological dysfunction and compromises sperm contribution, which was positively modulated by açaí. The preconception use of lyophilized açaí also has some positive impact on intergenerational health, but the topic still deserves further investigation.