Clinical presentation and histopathological correlation of ciliary body medulloepithelioma: A report of four cases.

Ciliary body medulloepithelioma is a rare ocular tumor with variable clinical presentation that may delay diagnosis. We report four cases evaluated at our centre, highlighting clinical features, imaging findings, and histopathological correlation. Patients presented with diverse initial signs, including decreased visual acuity, ocular pain, and secondary glaucoma. Management included enucleation and orbital exenteration in one case. Histopathological analysis confirmed both teratoid and non-teratoid variants, demonstrating neuroepithelial proliferation, rosette formation, and, in some cases, mesenchymal components. Clinicopathological correlation was essential to establish the definitive diagnosis and guide therapeutic decision-making. These cases underscore the importance of considering medulloepithelioma in the differential diagnosis of any child presenting with unilateral neovascular glaucoma and an apparently normal fundus, emphasising the need for meticulous ophthalmic evaluation for early detection.