Magnetic control of nano-cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in the subarachnoid region: Neurotherapeutic applications.

The dynamic behavior of nano-cerebrospinal fluid (NCSF) flow in the subarachnoid channel under external magnetic stimulation is investigated in this study, with findings aimed at advancing neurological drug delivery and treatment strategies. The Casson fluid model is employed to characterize the yield-stress behavior inherent to NCSF, enabling the simulation of transient flow within the subarachnoid space bounded by the pia and arachnoid maters. The regulating equations account for oscillatory pressure gradients, Lorentz forces due to the magnetic field, porous medium effects, and nanoparticle volume fraction. Results demonstrate that key parameters such as the Hartmann number, Darcy number, Casson parameter, and oscillation frequency significantly influence NCSF flow velocity profiles, and shear stress and volumetric flow rate distributions. Increased magnetic strength suppresses NCSF flow velocity and enhances shear stress, while higher porosity (larger Darcy number) facilitates fluid transport. The findings suggest that magnetic fields can be used to modulate NCSF flow dynamics, rendering potential strategies for improving nanoparticle-assisted drug delivery, managing conditions like hydrocephalus, and enhancing clearance of neurotoxic metabolites in neurodegenerative disorders. This work provides a theoretical foundation for novel non-invasive therapeutic interventions in neurology.