Endovascular treatment of a patient with nutcracker syndrome and pelvic varices involving anterior and posterior renal veins.

We have reported a case of a 36-year-old woman with flank and pelvic pain and hematuria. She had posterior nutcracker syndrome and pelvic varices involving one anterior and three posterior renal veins (including one major vein). We used a complete endovascular approach, which included stent implantation in the major posterior renal vein and left gonadal vein embolization. During a 12-month follow-up period, the patient had had no symptoms and good computed tomography results. Endovascular treatment represents a safe and successful option for patients with nutcracker syndrome and pelvic varices involving the anterior and posterior renal veins.