Patterns of care for dysphagic patients with degenerative neurological diseases.

Several of the most common neurodegenerative conditions associated with dysphagia are Parkinsons's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, postpolio syndrome, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The best clinical practices for treating dysphagic patients with these common conditions are discussed in relation to medication, surgery, diagnosis, and clinical management. Best practice patterns are explained as they relate to the following concepts of care, including comprehension and cognition; interaction with caregivers; dependence-independence during therapy; matching treatment plans to changes in physiology; and establishing realistic expectations including consideration of personal, cultural, and family needs for continuance or termination of care.