Epigenetic changes and neurogenesis associated with socio-sexual behaviors.

Epigenetic mechanisms are essential in neurogenesis during development and adulthood. DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and non-coding RNAs regulate gene expression to maintain the neural stem cell pool and direct the fate of newborn neurons by modulating cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, maturation, and survival. Adult neurogenesis exhibits bidirectional interactions with non-social and socio-sexual factors such as sexual behavior, mate recognition, pair bonding, parental behavior, and offspring recognition. Epigenetic mechanism disruption has been implicated in metabolic diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Nevertheless, the precise role of these mechanisms in adult neurogenesis and their subsequent effects on behavior are not fully understood, particularly in the context of social interactions. This review examines emerging evidence that links epigenetic mechanisms and neurogenesis to the complex interplay between biological processes and socio-sexual behaviors, focusing specifically on socially monogamous prairie voles.