[Sleep apnea and arterial hypertension : who should be screened and treated ?].

In recent years, awareness of the association between arterial hypertension (HTN) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) has increased. This has led to a rise in the number of patients referred for OSAS screening by polysomnography due to their HTN. While the association between these two conditions is now well-established, the antihypertensive efficacy of OSAS treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) remains controversial. According to recent literature, certain clinical factors and some new biomarkers appear to emerge as positive or negative predictors of a potential blood pressure response to CPAP. This review aims to provide practical tools for identifying those hypertensive patients who are most likely to exhibit a blood pressure response to CPAP, in order to better target candidates for OSAS screening.