[Eosinophilic fascitis: A case report and literature review].

BACKGROUND

Eosinophilic fasciitis is a rare connective tissue disorder, characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the deep fascia, with a heterogeneous clinical presentation and complex diagnosis. The objective was to describe a clinical case with a prolonged course, highlighting clinical, imaging, and histopathological features, as well as therapeutic response to combined immunosuppression.

CLINICAL CASE: A 49-year-old woman presented with progressive skin sclerosis, painful subcutaneous nodules, severe lower limb edema, and functional limitation. MRI revealed fascial thickening and STIR hyperintensity. Deep biopsy showed intravascular fascitis, fibrosis, and chronic inflammatory infiltrate. Diagnosis of eosinophilic fasciitis was established and treatment with prednisone and methotrexate was initiated. After 20 months of follow-up, it was observed clinical improvement, resolution of edema, and reduced skin induration.

CONCLUSIONS

Eosinophilic fasciitis can be confused with other scleroderma-like diseases, so early recognition and the use of specific diagnostic tools are essential. Combined treatment with corticosteroids and immunomodulators can induce remission and improve function, especially in cases with a prolonged course.