Visually induced dizziness.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Visually induced dizziness (VID) is a common phenomenon in vestibular disorders of both peripheral and central causes. This article provides a review of the most updated understandings of definition, pathophysiology, and treatment options.

RECENT FINDINGS: The pathophysiology is complex and its severity or persistence may be related both to the underlying cause and heritable factors. Environmental and psychological factors may influence the degree of impact of VID on daily life function. Treatment is mostly empiric at this point but includes pharmacologic, desensitization, cognitive behavioral therapies, visual rehabilitation, and treatment of the underlying cause whenever present. Additional research is needed to clarify the best management of this vestibular symptom as well as some of the other conditions with which it is commonly associated.

SUMMARY: VID is a fairly common vestibular syndrome constitutng spatial disorientation without illusory motion. As it is seen in both peripheral and central vestibular disorders, it should be considered a syndrome or constellation of symptoms rather than a discrete disorder. In some cases, it may be the presenting symptom with no other clear disorder linked to it.