Experiences and perceptions of sleep quality among older adults in Bangka Belitung, Indonesia: a qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE

To explore older adults' perceptions and experiences of sleep and strategies used to cope with poor sleep quality.

METHOD: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted with 27 purposively selected older adults from community and institutional settings in Bangka Belitung. Data were collected from June to August 2025 through in-depth interviews and analyzed thematically with triangulation, member checking, and adherence to COREQ guidelines.

RESULTS

Participants were mostly women aged 60-74 years, many widowed and with chronic conditions. Two themes emerged: poor sleep experiences and coping strategies. Common problems included difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep, nighttime awakenings, early awakening, and daytime fatigue. Sleep disruption was linked to psychological distress and environmental discomfort. Coping strategies included behavioral changes, spiritual practices, daytime naps, and activity adjustment.

CONCLUSION

The findings suggest that sleep among participating older adults in Bangka Belitung is perceived as multidimensional, shaped by physiological, psychological, environmental, and spiritual factors, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive, community-based support beyond self-initiated strategies.