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Войти в исследования Travel medicine and infectious disease · 2022
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of imported malaria in Bulgaria: A retrospective study of а 21-year period.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Kaftandjiev Iskren, Harizanov Rumen, Rainova Iskra, Mikov Ognyan, Tsvetkova Nina, Borisova Raina, Kaneva Eleonora
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Bulgaria, with a high endemicity for malaria in the past, was declared by the WHO as a malaria-free country in 1965. We intended to analyze the epidemiological and clinical implications of imported malaria cases in Bulgaria.
METHODS: This is a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of all recorded cases of imported malaria in Bulgaria over a 21-year period (2000-2020). Patients' clinical records and information gathered from the epidemiological survey of each recorded malaria case were reviewed.
RESULTS: A total of 232 cases of imported malaria were reported, 147 (63.4%) were Bulgarian citizens (BC) and 85 (36.6%) were foreign nationals (FN). Two thirds (66.4%) of cases were diagnosed from April to October. Most BCs had travelled for work (66.6%) to Africa (93.9%) and were infected with P. falciparum (83.3%), while most FNs were migrants (54.7%), exposed in Asia (63.5%) with P. vivax infection (62.4%). Clinical complications and a fatal outcome were noted in 14.7% (n = 34) and 3.5% (n = 8) of cases respectively. All complicated cases were in BNs with P. falciparum infection.
CONCLUSIONS: Bulgaria experiences a steady import of malaria. Efforts to improve diagnosis, management and prevention of malaria, as well as maintenance of a high degree of epidemiological vigilance are needed.
METHODS: This is a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of all recorded cases of imported malaria in Bulgaria over a 21-year period (2000-2020). Patients' clinical records and information gathered from the epidemiological survey of each recorded malaria case were reviewed.
RESULTS: A total of 232 cases of imported malaria were reported, 147 (63.4%) were Bulgarian citizens (BC) and 85 (36.6%) were foreign nationals (FN). Two thirds (66.4%) of cases were diagnosed from April to October. Most BCs had travelled for work (66.6%) to Africa (93.9%) and were infected with P. falciparum (83.3%), while most FNs were migrants (54.7%), exposed in Asia (63.5%) with P. vivax infection (62.4%). Clinical complications and a fatal outcome were noted in 14.7% (n = 34) and 3.5% (n = 8) of cases respectively. All complicated cases were in BNs with P. falciparum infection.
CONCLUSIONS: Bulgaria experiences a steady import of malaria. Efforts to improve diagnosis, management and prevention of malaria, as well as maintenance of a high degree of epidemiological vigilance are needed.