Media hype regarding psychedelic treatments for depression and PTSD from 2017 to 2024.

Enthusiastic media coverage of psychedelics as a treatment for mental health disorders is perceived as hyped compared to coverage of established treatments. To measure potential hype, we conducted pre-registered analyses comparing media coverage (e.g., newspaper articles) of psychedelics to FDA-approved antidepressants for major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. We used LexisNexis to access publications from 2017 to 2024 and natural language processing to analyze 6,805 publications' sentiment and content. Binary logistic regressions compared the language in paragraphs related to psychedelics, antidepressants, both, or neither. As expected, in binomial regressions, positive emotion and sentiment were more strongly associated with media coverage of psychedelics than antidepressants (β = 0.21; β = 0.67, both p < .001), and negative emotion and risk language were more strongly associated with antidepressants than psychedelics (β = 0.25; β = 0.23, both p < .001). Contrary to expectations, reward language was more strongly related to antidepressants (β = 0.19, p < .001), and negative sentiment was more strongly related to psychedelics (β = 0.17, p < .001). Overall, results suggest that media coverage emphasizes the purported benefits of psychedelics and drawbacks of established medications, which may impact patient expectations, adherence with treatment, and patient outcomes.