Journal of veterinary cardiology : the official journal of the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology · 2026
Effect of non-ionic contrast media on invasive pressure measurements during minimally invasive occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus and balloon valvuloplasty for valvular pulmonic stenosis in dogs.
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Saavedra A D, Karnia J, Leach S B, Petroski G F, Nafe L, McManamey A K, Wiggen K E
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES: Hemodynamic effects of non-ionic contrast (iohexol) administration on invasive pressure measurements in dogs have not been evaluated. The objective of the present study was to evaluate effects of iohexol on invasive pressure assessment in dogs undergoing patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occlusion or balloon valvuloplasty for pulmonic stenosis (PS).
ANIMALS, MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective observational study. Client-owned dogs undergoing PDA occlusion (N=14) or balloon valvuloplasty (N=12) were included in the study. Invasive pressures for PDA dogs (main pulmonary artery and aorta) and PS dogs (right ventricle and main pulmonary artery) were obtained. Heart rate and direct arterial peripheral blood pressure were recorded simultaneously. Pressures were acquired prior to contrast injection (t0), 60-90 s after injection (t1), and 5 min after injection (t2). The mean pressure difference between time points was calculated, including peak-to-peak pressure gradient for PS dogs, as well as 95% tolerance intervals.
RESULTS: Differences were found for the following: PDA group: diastolic and mean aortic pressure between t0 and t1 (P=0.019, P=0.003), diastolic aortic pressure between t0 and t2 (P=0.020), and diastolic peripheral arterial pressure between t0 and t2 (P=0.044); PS group: main pulmonary artery systolic pressure between t0 and t1 (P=0.044). Tolerance intervals were often clinically meaningful.
STUDY LIMITATIONS: Limitations of the present study include a small population size, lack of anesthetic standardization, absence of a control group, and one brand of non-ionic contrast used.
CONCLUSIONS: Although mean pressure changes did not reach significance for most measurements, 95% tolerance intervals suggest large changes can occur. Given the potential for wide variation, invasive pressure measurements should be obtained prior to contrast administration if pressure measurements are utilized for intra-operative surgical decisions.
ANIMALS, MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective observational study. Client-owned dogs undergoing PDA occlusion (N=14) or balloon valvuloplasty (N=12) were included in the study. Invasive pressures for PDA dogs (main pulmonary artery and aorta) and PS dogs (right ventricle and main pulmonary artery) were obtained. Heart rate and direct arterial peripheral blood pressure were recorded simultaneously. Pressures were acquired prior to contrast injection (t0), 60-90 s after injection (t1), and 5 min after injection (t2). The mean pressure difference between time points was calculated, including peak-to-peak pressure gradient for PS dogs, as well as 95% tolerance intervals.
RESULTS: Differences were found for the following: PDA group: diastolic and mean aortic pressure between t0 and t1 (P=0.019, P=0.003), diastolic aortic pressure between t0 and t2 (P=0.020), and diastolic peripheral arterial pressure between t0 and t2 (P=0.044); PS group: main pulmonary artery systolic pressure between t0 and t1 (P=0.044). Tolerance intervals were often clinically meaningful.
STUDY LIMITATIONS: Limitations of the present study include a small population size, lack of anesthetic standardization, absence of a control group, and one brand of non-ionic contrast used.
CONCLUSIONS: Although mean pressure changes did not reach significance for most measurements, 95% tolerance intervals suggest large changes can occur. Given the potential for wide variation, invasive pressure measurements should be obtained prior to contrast administration if pressure measurements are utilized for intra-operative surgical decisions.