Hypertensive nephropathy is associated with an increased risk of myeloma, skin, and renal cancer.

Previous studies suggest an increased cancer risk in hypertension. Patients with hypertensive nephropathy have not been studied. A national registry study was performed to assess the presence and size of this association. Clinical data and cancer diagnoses for all patients with biopsy-proven hypertensive nephropathy between 1985 and 2015 in Denmark were extracted from four national registries and compared with age- and sex-adjusted national cancer rates. The risk of cancer was twice the background population. It was raised for renal cancer (odds ratio 10.4), myeloma (13.2), skin cancer (7.9), and other/unspecified (1.8). No increase in incidence was seen until 1 year before renal biopsy and then rose rapidly. It was again normal 5 years after biopsy. Hypertensive nephropathy is associated with an increased risk of myeloma, skin, renal, and other cancers. Screening of patients with hypertensive nephropathy, in the presence of reduced renal function or significant proteinuria, may be indicated.