[Genomic investigations in genetic cardiology: status and prospects].

The paper discusses relations of new disciplines in medical science, such as genetic cardiology and genomic medicine. It outlines today's achievements and prospects of genomic studies for some groups of cardiovascular diseases: congenital developmental defects of the heart and great vessels, cardiac arrhythmias and cardiomyopathies, and common diseases with complex inheritance, such as atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension. Accumulated knowledge on new candidate genes of these forms of pathology specifies their pathogenesis, makes it possible to outline new gene-specific therapeutical approaches, and serves as a basis for classifying risk groups by specific diseases. On the other hand, studies of the "sphere of influence" (fields of action) of genes that make up a molecular genetic basis of diseases are of fundamental value in defining the physiological role of sequenced human genomic fragments (functional genomics).