Balloon-Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence and Clinical Outcomes.

This article outlines the transformative impact of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) since its first successful human use in 2002, redefining the management of severe aortic stenosis. Traditionally treated with surgical aortic valve replacement, many elderly patients with comorbidities were unsuitable for surgery. TAVR has emerged as a less invasive and widely adopted alternative, expanding from high-risk to low-risk populations with strong clinical outcomes. Its rapid global uptake and potential role in earlier intervention highlight its clinical significance. The article also introduces the 2 main valve platforms, balloon-expandable and self-expanding, focusing on their design and evolving applications.