Cecal schistosomiasis with perforation: case report and literature review.

Schistosomal cecum involvement is an extremely rare condition in endemic areas like Sudan. We report a 17-year-old male presenting with acute abdomen diagnosed preoperatively as perforated appendicitis. Emergency surgery revealed purulent peritonitis, a cecal mass, and a large cecal perforation and right hemicolectomy was done. Histopathology revealed viable schistosomal ova and granulomas in the cecum. Post-operative management included anthelmintic therapy. This case presented the third case of large bowel schistosomiasis in Sudan, emphasizing the need for a high index of suspicion for parasitic etiologies in acute abdominal surgical emergencies in endemic regions.