Arrhythmias in Congenital Heart Disease: Heterotaxy Syndrome.

Arrhythmias are a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in patients with heterotaxy syndrome. This article reviews the anatomic and electrophysiological substrates that predispose to bradyarrhythmias and tachyarrhythmias. Using representative clinical cases, this article highlights key arrhythmia mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies. Emphasis is placed on individualized long-term rhythm surveillance and multidisciplinary decision-making strategies.