Hypoxia in Cellular Behavior, Collagen Biosynthesis, and Extracellular Matrix Production.

Collagens make up a major part of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and their mechanical and chemical properties are regulated by collagen-modifying enzymes. The expression and activity of these enzymes are influenced by hypoxia through hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which plays a role in both physiological and pathological conditions. This chapter presents protocols for studying the effects of hypoxia on ECM, cell behavior, and collagen production, utilizing specialized hypoxia workstations for controlled cell culture conditions.