Expression and role in growth regulation of tumour necrosis factor receptors p55 and p75 in acute myeloblastic leukaemia cells.

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha exerts multiple effects on human acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) cells in vitro, including (1) synergistic stimulation of proliferation with interleukin-3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); (2) inhibition of granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF) and stem cell factor (SCF)-induced growth; (3) suppression of multiplication of clonogenic leukaemic cells; (4) induction of autocrine growth. Recently, two distinct TNF receptors (TNF-Rs), TNF-Rp55 and TNF-Rp75, have been identified. In this study we show that both receptors are expressed on freshly isolated AML blasts, with p75 being the predominant TNF-receptor type. This study investigates the roles of these two receptors in TNF-alpha-driven growth regulation of AML blasts in vitro. Using a receptor-specific antibody, it is shown that both receptor types participate in TNF-alpha-mediated stimulation of GM-CSF/IL-3-induced proliferation and in TNF-alpha-induced autocrine growth. In contrast, the TNF-alpha-triggered growth inhibition (antiproliferation) and the potent suppression of G-CSF- and SCF-induced proliferation exclusively result from activation of TNF-Rp55. Taken together, these results suggest that the proliferative effects of TNF-alpha on AML blasts are mediated through both p55 and p75 TNF receptors, whereas the TNF-alpha-signalled growth inhibition is exclusively transduced via TNF-Rp55.