Predictors of Risky Sexual Behaviors Among Female Adolescents and Young Adults Seeking Withdrawal Management Treatment: A Lifestyle-routine Activities Theory Approach.

OBJECTIVES

This study examines prevalence and predictors of risky sexual behaviors (RSBs) among female adolescents and young adults admitted to withdrawal management treatment (WM) for substance use disorders (SUD), a critical point where addressing co-occurring risk behaviors could considerably enhance treatment outcomes and recovery. Utilizing lifestyle-routine activities theory (LRAT), we aimed to identify vulnerability factors contributing to sexual victimization.

METHODS

A 1:1 sample (n = 194; ~45%) was drawn from all admissions over 5 years to the sole national acute WM unit serving females aged 13-34. Data were collected through clinical intake interviews and standardized questionnaires, assessing substance use, mental health, social context, and risky sexual experiences.

RESULTS

Sexual victimization and RSBs (eg, unprotected or transactional sex) were highly prevalent, with 89% reporting experiencing sexual assault and 84.9% engaging in at least one recent RSB. Notably, 28% reported participating in 6-7 RSB types. Significant RSB predictors included earlier SUD diagnosis, poor mental health, limited social support, and strained parental relationships. SUD severity (β = 0.15, P = 0.042), peer drug use (β = 0.31, P < 0.001), and living on the street (β = 0.15, P = 0.048) significantly increased the likelihood of multiple RSBs.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings underscore the importance of integrated, trauma-informed approaches in SUD treatment among young females. The complex interplay between trauma exposure, substance use, and RSBs, influenced by environmental factors, necessitates comprehensive treatment strategies encompassing these co-occurring risk domains simultaneously. LRAT offers a valuable framework for understanding how disrupted environments and diminished protective factors contribute to vulnerability. Implementing tailored, trauma-informed care may enhance recovery while addressing broader public health implications.