Autism spectrum disorders: emerging pharmacotherapy.

Autism, Asperger and other pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) are an increasingly commonly identified group of conditions wherein patients experience significant difficulty in social interactions, communicating with others, and inflexible adherence to unusual, unhelpful and frequently stereotyped routines and behaviour. These autism spectrum disorders are now being diagnosed earlier in life (approximately 15 months), and often remain a chronic, daily burden for those afflicted. In addition to the often profound impact on an individual's quality of life, the familial, social and economic burdens of PDDs can be enormous. No treatments are curative, and most pharmacological treatments are employed to treat specific troubling symptoms rather than the core features of the disorder itself. Therefore, more effective pharmacotherapies are desperately needed. This review describes current and emerging pharmacotherapies that may advance care of people with PDDs.