Prevalence of Enterobacterales Producing Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases According to One Health Approach in Burkina Faso: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents an important public health challenge worldwide. Given the significant and interdependent human, animal and environmental dimensions of this resistance, a 'One Health' approach is necessary to combat it. However, its extent remains poorly known and understood in resource-limited settings. This study aims to describe the current prevalence of antibiotic resistance and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales species according to One Health approach in Burkina Faso.

METHODS

PubMed, Hinari, African Journal Online, Scopus and Google Scholar were the bibliographic databases used for screening of the relevant articles according to the reporting elements for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). The meta-analysis was performed using the statistical analysis R software version 4.2.3 (2023).

RESULTS

A total of 24 research articles were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. were the most frequently reported bacteria from at least two sources. The environment had the highest rate of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales (60.01%). The highest proportion of ESBL production was recorded for E. coli in all sources (64.92%).

CONCLUSION

Our study showed a significant cluster prevalence of ESBL Enterobacterales species from all sources, with the highest prevalence found in the environment. Strong resistance to commonly used antibiotics was found in these species. Studies in humans were far more numerous than those in animals and the environment. This highlights the need to strengthen integrated interventions according to One Health approach to fill the gaps in the fight against the emergence and spread of AMR in Burkina Faso.