RUNX1::RUNX1T1 Positive Acute Myeloid Leukemia Secondary to Isolated Breast Myeloid Sarcoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

OBJECTIVE

Isolated Myeloid sarcoma (IMS) of breast is extremely rare and current treatment approaches for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) secondary to breast IMS are even rarer. It is worthwhile to explore the clinical features of this disease and the promising treatment strategy.

CASE REPORT: We described one case of IMS that occurred in the breast in a 37-year-old female, who progressed to RUNX1::RUNX1T1 positive AML in less than two years. Then, she was treated with Venetoclax plus hypomethylating agents, which showed favorable response.

DISCUSSION: She has remained in complete remission (CR) to date after the Venetoclax-based treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

Breast IMS is rare but highly progressive to AML. Imaging and histopathology are key tools in diagnosing it and Venetoclax-based regimens may be a promising treatment strategy.