Zhonghua wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue · 2026
[Two cases of lipid pneumonia with tachypnea in children and literature review].
СтатьяОбзорКлинический случайАннотация на английскомНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Wang Chengjuan, Luo Haiyan, Fan Jianghua, Zhang Xinping, Yang Fan, Yao Zhenya
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP) in children, and to improve the ability of pediatricians in early diagnosis and treatment of this disease among pediatricians.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 2 children with ELP admitted to Hunan Children's Hospital from August 2023 to August 2024, including clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, imaging features, treatment process and prognosis, including clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, imaging features, diagnosis and treatment process, and prognosis. Databases including CNKI, Wanfang and PubMed from inception to November 2024 were searched to review relevant literature and summarize the clinical characteristics and experience in the diagnosis and treatment of ELP in children.
RESULTS: Both cases were acute ELP, respectively induced by accidental ingestion of lubricating oil and cough after oral administration of liquid paraffin, respectively. The main clinical manifestations were cough, fever and dyspnea. Laboratory examinations showed significant elevation of inflammatory indicators such as white blood cell count (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP). Gastroscopy showed erosive gastritis in both cases. Chest CT showed bilateral pulmonary consolidation with multiple thick-walled cavities in one case, and extensive bilateral pulmonary exudation with consolidation in the other case. Both children received comprehensive treatment including oxygen therapy, systemic glucocorticoids, flexible bronchoscopic alveolar lavage and anti-infective therapy, and were discharged with improvement. Follow-up chest CT showed complete absorption of pulmonary lesions. A total of 493 cases of pediatric ELP at home and abroad were included in the literature review, mostly infants and preschool children, with more males than females. Mineral oil was the main type of aspirated oil. The common clinical manifestations were cough, fever and dyspnea. Chest CT was the preferred auxiliary examination, and glucocorticoid combined with flexible bronchoscopic alveolar lavage was a commonly used and effective treatment plan. Most children had a good prognosis.
CONCLUSIONS: ELP in children is clinically rare, with non-specific clinical manifestations and auxiliary examinations, which is prone to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Detailed inquiry about the history of oil aspiration is the key to diagnosis. With early comprehensive treatment such as glucocorticoids combined with flexible bronchoscopic alveolar lavage can lead to a good prognosis in most children. At present, there is no unified guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of ELP, and more large-sample prospective studies are needed to provide evidence-based basis.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 2 children with ELP admitted to Hunan Children's Hospital from August 2023 to August 2024, including clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, imaging features, treatment process and prognosis, including clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, imaging features, diagnosis and treatment process, and prognosis. Databases including CNKI, Wanfang and PubMed from inception to November 2024 were searched to review relevant literature and summarize the clinical characteristics and experience in the diagnosis and treatment of ELP in children.
RESULTS: Both cases were acute ELP, respectively induced by accidental ingestion of lubricating oil and cough after oral administration of liquid paraffin, respectively. The main clinical manifestations were cough, fever and dyspnea. Laboratory examinations showed significant elevation of inflammatory indicators such as white blood cell count (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP). Gastroscopy showed erosive gastritis in both cases. Chest CT showed bilateral pulmonary consolidation with multiple thick-walled cavities in one case, and extensive bilateral pulmonary exudation with consolidation in the other case. Both children received comprehensive treatment including oxygen therapy, systemic glucocorticoids, flexible bronchoscopic alveolar lavage and anti-infective therapy, and were discharged with improvement. Follow-up chest CT showed complete absorption of pulmonary lesions. A total of 493 cases of pediatric ELP at home and abroad were included in the literature review, mostly infants and preschool children, with more males than females. Mineral oil was the main type of aspirated oil. The common clinical manifestations were cough, fever and dyspnea. Chest CT was the preferred auxiliary examination, and glucocorticoid combined with flexible bronchoscopic alveolar lavage was a commonly used and effective treatment plan. Most children had a good prognosis.
CONCLUSIONS: ELP in children is clinically rare, with non-specific clinical manifestations and auxiliary examinations, which is prone to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Detailed inquiry about the history of oil aspiration is the key to diagnosis. With early comprehensive treatment such as glucocorticoids combined with flexible bronchoscopic alveolar lavage can lead to a good prognosis in most children. At present, there is no unified guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of ELP, and more large-sample prospective studies are needed to provide evidence-based basis.