A Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate the safety and tolerability of CLZ-2002 for the treatment of patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1.

BACKGROUND

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 (CMT1) is a rare, genetically diverse condition and represents the most prevalent form of inherited peripheral neuropathy, characterized by Schwann cell dysfunction resulting in progressive demyelination and muscle wasting. CLZ-2002, an allogeneic Schwann cell-like product derived from human tonsillar mesenchymal stem cells, has been developed as a regenerative therapy and investigated in CMT1 patients.

METHODS

A Phase 1, open-label, dose-escalation clinical trial was performed in nine patients with genetically diagnosed CMT1 (five with CMT1A, four with CMT1B). Participants were allocated to three dosing cohorts: 6 million (G1), 12 million (G2), or 24 million cells (G3). CLZ-2002 was delivered as a single intramuscular injection into the lower limbs. The primary objective was to assess safety and tolerability. Exploratory endpoints included Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy Score version 2 (CMTNSv2), Overall Neuropathy Limitation Score-leg (ONLS-leg), Functional Disability Score (FDS), electrophysiology, MRI, and circulating biomarkers.

RESULTS

No drug-related adverse reactions, serious adverse events, or dose-limiting toxicities occurred. Four participants experienced a total of five grade 1-2 treatment-emergent adverse events. By Week 24, improvements relative to baseline were noted in CMTNSv2 and ONLS-leg. Biomarker levels of NCAM1 and GDF15 declined at Week 4 but returned toward baseline by Week 24, reflecting the observed clinical trends.

CONCLUSIONS

A single intramuscular dose of CLZ-2002 of up to 24 million cells was safe and well-tolerated in CMT1 patients. Exploratory efficacy assessments suggested possible clinical benefit, warranting continued investigation of CLZ-2002 in larger, controlled study populations.