Structural Diversity of 2-O-(β-d-Glucopyranosyl)benzyl Quinates from Casearia tardieuae and Their Anti-Myocardial Hypertrophy Activity in Rat Cardiomyocytes.

Thirteen undescribed 2-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)benzyl quinates (1-13) and two reported derivatives (14, 15) were obtained from the twigs and leaves of Casearia tardieuae. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis (1D/2D NMR, HRESIMS, IR, UV), coupled with acid hydrolysis and derivatization studies of the sugar moieties. Biological evaluation showed that compound 1 exhibited antihypertrophic potency comparable to the positive control prazosin, and its cytotoxicity was significantly lower than that of prazosin. Preliminary mechanism investigations revealed that compound 1 suppressed hypertrophy markers ANP/MYH7 at the protein level and downregulated Nppa/Myh7 genes at the transcriptional level, while inhibiting the cellular hypertrophy phenotype. This study first reports undescribed 2-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)benzyl quinates from C. tardieuae with significant anticardiac hypertrophy activity, providing important experimental basis for the development of antimyocardial hypertrophy candidate drugs and the study of active components of Casearia species.