Isolation and Identification of a Canine-Derived Lactic Acid Bacterium with Probiotic Potential for Salmonellosis Prevention and Treatment.

Salmonellosis remains a globally prevalent zoonotic disease. Conventional antibiotic therapy for salmonellosis carries risks such as antimicrobial resistance and disruption of intestinal microbiota. Extensive research has demonstrated that probiotics, including lactic acid bacteria (LAB), can serve as an alternative to antibiotics. In view of the fact that host-origin probiotics possess superior functions, a canine-derived Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain with efficacy against Salmonella was isolated, screened, and identified, and was named GHR. Biological characterization assays revealed that GHR possesses excellent acid tolerance, heat tolerance, and bile salt tolerance. Colonization assays demonstrated that GHR effectively colonizes the murine small intestine. By establishing GHR prophylactic and therapeutic mouse models of salmonellosis, followed by clinical symptom analysis, organ coefficient evaluation, and histopathological examination, we confirmed that GHR exhibits strong preventive effects against salmonellosis. This study successfully isolated and purified a canine-derived Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain capable of effectively preventing murine salmonellosis, which provides a novel alternative approach for the prevention and treatment of salmonellosis in dogs and supports the broader application of canine-derived LAB with empirical data.