Demodicidosis in a child with xantholeukaemia associated with type 1 neurofibromatosis.

Although Demodex follicularum and Demodex brevis are common permanent ectoparasites of human pilosebaceous units, their incidence on children's skin is rare. We report a new case of demodicidosis in a 22-month-old girl undergoing chemotherapy for chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia associated with xanthoma and type 1 neurofibromatosis. The eruption cleared after oral and topical metronidazole therapy. Demodicidosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of facial eruption in immunosuppressed children.