Career Decisions and In-Depth Insights Into Pediatric Ophthalmology as a Subspecialty Among Residents.

Objective This study explores ophthalmology residents' awareness of various subspecialties, particularly pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus (POS), and examines the factors influencing their career decisions and overall satisfaction. It aims to identify barriers to pursuing POS and propose strategies to boost interest in this subspecialty in Saudi Arabia, where related research is limited. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted using purposive sampling. Data were collected through an electronic survey distributed to ophthalmology residents across various training programs in Saudi Arabia. The survey included sections on demographics, factors influencing career choices, and perceived barriers to selecting POS as a fellowship. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24.0 (Released 2016; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA), employing descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 72 residents participated, most of whom were aged 25-30 and in their fourth year of residency. The most preferred subspecialties were anterior segment and surgical retina. Career decisions were significantly influenced by disease type and expected income. Notable gender differences were observed: male residents tended to prefer surgical retina, while female residents showed a greater preference for POS. Conclusions The findings highlight the need for targeted efforts to increase interest in pediatric ophthalmology and promote a more balanced distribution of specialists within the field.