Successful treatment of ceftazidime/avibactam combined with aztreonam in the NDM-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream and intestinal infections in a NK/T lymphoma patient with agranulocytosis during autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a case report.

New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae is increasingly reported worldwide. Clinicians face significant challenges in the treatment of this multidrug-resistant bacterium. The combination of ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI) and aztreonam (ATM) is currently probably the most effective strategy for the treatment of such infection. We described a patient diagnosed with NK/T cell lymphoma who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in the hematology department. The patient developed severe infection after ASCT. Blood and stool cultures showed carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae. Blood sample was detected as NDM-producing K. pneumoniae. We successfully treated this infection with CAZ/AVI and ATM.