Comparative profiling of splenic phospholipid and sphingolipid during acute infection.

Lipid profile of spleen and bursa of Fabricius (BF) during acute infection remains unknown. Acute infection models of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and Eimeria tenella (ET) were developed, and spleen samples with African swine fever virus (ASFV) or not were collected. Spleen and BF were examined and characteristic microscopic lesions were observed. Samples were analyzed using a semi-quantitative, untargeted method based on liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). After statistical analysis, potential biomarkers for PRRSV [16:0 20:5 phosphatidylcholine (16:0 20:5 PC), 18:1 lysophosphatidylcholine (18:1 LPC)], for PEDV [16:0 20:4 phosphatidylinositol (16:0 20:4 PI), 18:0 18:2 phosphatidylserine (18:0 18:2 PS), 16:0 lysophosphatidylserine (16:0 LysoPS), 18:0 LysoPS, d18:1 16:0 sphingomyelin (d18:1 16:0 SM)], for ASFV [16:0 18:0 PC, 16:0 20:4 PC, 18:0 20:4 PC, O-16:0 20:4 PC, O-18:1 20:4 PC, 16:0 18:2 phosphatidylethanolamine (16:0 18:2 PE), 16:0 18:1 PE, 18:0 20:4 PE, 16:0 18:2 PI, 18:0 18:1 PS], for ET with spleen [16:0 20:3 PC, 18:0 18:2 PC, 18:0 18:1 PI, 18:0 20:4 PI, 18:0 22:6 PI, d18:1 16:0 SM, d18:1 22:1 SM], for ET with BF [16:0 18:2 PI, 16:0 18:1 PI, 18:0 18:2 PI, 18:0 20:4 PI, 16:0 18:2 PS, 16:0 18:1 PS, 18:0 18:2 PS, 18:0 20:4 PS, 18:0 22:6 PS, 18:0 LysoPS, 20:4 arachidonic acid (20:4 AA), 22:6 docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 DHA)] were analyzed. Overall, lipid profiling of spleen and BF was demonstrated, contributing to understand the lipid biology of lymphoid organs and intervene acute infection.