Thrombosis research · 2025
Anticoagulant therapy for cancer-associated splanchnic vein thrombosis: Outcomes during a one-year follow-up period.
СтатьяНаблюдательное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Garcia-Villa Adrian, Criado-Álvarez Juan José, Carnevali María, Aramberri Mario, Font Carme, Díaz-Pedroche Carmen
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: The incidence of splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) in cancer patients has increased in recent years due to improved survival rates and the widespread use of scheduled radiological tests. However, studies describing the long-term prognosis and benefits of anticoagulant treatment are scarce. The objectives were to describe long-term prognosis and to compare outcomes based on anticoagulant treatment during a one-year follow-up.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study of consecutive patients hospitalized between 2015 and 2020 with a diagnosis of cancer-associated SVT either prior to admission or during hospitalization.
RESULTS: The study included 201 patients, with intra-abdominal tumors (78.2 %) predominating, particularly pancreatic cancer (43.8 %). Portal thrombosis (58.6 %) was the most common type of SVT. Approximately 41.3 % of cases received anticoagulant treatment at the diagnosis of SVT. The overall survival rate at 12 months was 39.7 %. Anticoagulant therapy was associated with a significantly higher accumulated incidence of recanalization and bleeding. However, no differences were found in the survival and recurrence of thrombosis. Tumor thrombus (OR 2.44; CI 95 % 1.32-4.52) and the metastatic status of the oncological disease (OR 3.07; CI 95 % 1.63-5.8) were predictive factors for death.
CONCLUSIONS: SVT is a common complication in cancer patients, particularly in those with abdominal tumors. Tumor thrombus and metastatic status were negative prognostic factors. Anticoagulant treatment was associated with a higher rate of recanalization as well as a higher risk of bleeding, without benefits on survival or prevention of thrombosis recurrence.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study of consecutive patients hospitalized between 2015 and 2020 with a diagnosis of cancer-associated SVT either prior to admission or during hospitalization.
RESULTS: The study included 201 patients, with intra-abdominal tumors (78.2 %) predominating, particularly pancreatic cancer (43.8 %). Portal thrombosis (58.6 %) was the most common type of SVT. Approximately 41.3 % of cases received anticoagulant treatment at the diagnosis of SVT. The overall survival rate at 12 months was 39.7 %. Anticoagulant therapy was associated with a significantly higher accumulated incidence of recanalization and bleeding. However, no differences were found in the survival and recurrence of thrombosis. Tumor thrombus (OR 2.44; CI 95 % 1.32-4.52) and the metastatic status of the oncological disease (OR 3.07; CI 95 % 1.63-5.8) were predictive factors for death.
CONCLUSIONS: SVT is a common complication in cancer patients, particularly in those with abdominal tumors. Tumor thrombus and metastatic status were negative prognostic factors. Anticoagulant treatment was associated with a higher rate of recanalization as well as a higher risk of bleeding, without benefits on survival or prevention of thrombosis recurrence.