Confusion, communication, and consent: ELSI barriers to genomics-enhanced remediation in Alberta's oil sands.

While constructed treatment wetland systems (CTWS) and genomics have been identified as viable remediation options for oil sands processed-affected water, researchers have paid limited attention to the priorities of affected groups. To address this gap, we used focus groups to explore the perspectives on CTWS and genomics held by Indigenous Peoples, oil and gas industry employees, CTWS and genomics researchers, and government regulators and policymakers affected by oil sands remediation in northern Alberta. We identify six key concerns: confusion about the options themselves; challenges with communication about the options; differing perspectives on naturality; differing risk tolerances; questions about long term effects and who will maintain liability; and cultural impacts to Indigenous Peoples. Importantly, participants identified barriers related to ethical, legal, social, environmental, and governance implications, often referred to as ELSI, that affect their participation in decision-making about genomics-enhanced oil sands remediation. We recommend directions for improving meaningful engagement and participation.