Lenacapavir: A capsid inhibitor for HIV-1 treatment and prevention.

Lenacapavir (GS-6207) is a capsid inhibitor approved for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in heavily treatment-experienced people with multidrug-resistant HIV-1. Here, this study provides a comprehensive overview of lenacapavir, with a particular focus on its long-acting properties, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and safety, and resistance profile. Clinical trials have demonstrated that long-acting lenacapavir is highly effective not only for treating HIV-1 infection but also as a pre-exposure prophylactic agent. The future development of fixed-dose, long-acting combination regimens incorporating lenacapavir and other long-acting antiretroviral agents offers significant potential for durable and effective HIV-1 management in clinical settings.