Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2026
Out-of-pocket costs and time spent on disease management by vitiligo patients: a cross-sectional questionnaire study in German-speaking countries.
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Gasteiger Christine, Hindelang Michael, Ziehfreund Stefanie, Wecker Hannah, Biedermann Tilo, Zink Alexander
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The financial and time-related burden of patients with vitiligo remains insufficiently studied. This study aimed to quantify out-of-pocket costs (OOPC) and time expenditure for vitiligo management and the associated sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral factors in German-speaking countries.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Adults with self-reported vitiligo were recruited through patient organizations, social media, and dermatology centers and completed a questionnaire assessing OOPC, vitiligo-related time investment, disease severity (SA-VES), quality of life (DLQI), and digital media use. Group comparisons and multivariable linear regression models were used to identify factors influencing OOPC and time expenditure.
RESULTS: Of the 173 participants included, mean annual OOPC was €704 (SD €1,284). The most frequently reported expenses were sunscreen (89.6 %), camouflage products (54.3 %), moisturizers (49.7 %), and dietary supplements (48.0 %). Higher OOPC was associated with higher DLQI scores (p < 0.001) and digital media use for alternative treatments (p = 0.002). Mean daily time on disease-related care was 15.8 minutes (SD 20.9), independently associated with higher DLQI (p < 0.001), female sex (p < 0.001), higher education (p = 0.006), and vitiligo-related Instagram use (p = 0.007).
CONCLUSIONS: Vitiligo imposes a substantial financial and time burden, both of which are closely associated with impaired quality of life, underscoring the importance of routine DLQI assessment.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Adults with self-reported vitiligo were recruited through patient organizations, social media, and dermatology centers and completed a questionnaire assessing OOPC, vitiligo-related time investment, disease severity (SA-VES), quality of life (DLQI), and digital media use. Group comparisons and multivariable linear regression models were used to identify factors influencing OOPC and time expenditure.
RESULTS: Of the 173 participants included, mean annual OOPC was €704 (SD €1,284). The most frequently reported expenses were sunscreen (89.6 %), camouflage products (54.3 %), moisturizers (49.7 %), and dietary supplements (48.0 %). Higher OOPC was associated with higher DLQI scores (p < 0.001) and digital media use for alternative treatments (p = 0.002). Mean daily time on disease-related care was 15.8 minutes (SD 20.9), independently associated with higher DLQI (p < 0.001), female sex (p < 0.001), higher education (p = 0.006), and vitiligo-related Instagram use (p = 0.007).
CONCLUSIONS: Vitiligo imposes a substantial financial and time burden, both of which are closely associated with impaired quality of life, underscoring the importance of routine DLQI assessment.