Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026
Xanthophyll Carotenoid Intake, Plasma Levels, and Retinal Visualization in Aging and Age-Related Macular Degeneration: ALSTAR2.
СтатьяПоддержка NIH: внешняя программаНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Curcio Christine A, Gao Liyan, Pu Jiaxin, Gooden Lindsay, Thomas Tracy N, Kim Sarah S, Goerdt Lukas, Berlin Andreas, McGwin Gerald, Sloan Kenneth R, Johnson Elizabeth J, Owsley Cynthia
Аннотация
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine cross-sectional associations among intake of xanthophyll carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin (L&Z), plasma L&Z, and two wavelength autofluorescence (2WAF) retinal imaging in aging and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
METHODS: Adults ≥63 years old from a comprehensive ophthalmology clinic underwent assessments: macular health (Age-Related Eye Disease Study [AREDS] 9-step); self-reported L&Z intake from diet (LZQ Food Frequency Questionnaire) and supplements; total intake; macular pigment optical volume (MPOV; in 2WAF); non-fasting plasma L&Z; and HDL and LDL cholesterol. Associations were adjusted for age and HDL/LDL.
RESULTS: We studied 369 persons (74 ± 5.8 years, 60% women, 89% White, 62% never-smoker, and 23% supplement use) and 369 eyes (48.4% healthy, 26.0% early AMD [eAMD], and 25.2% intermediate AMD [iAMD]). Diagnostic groups differed in supplement users (10%, 17%, and 56%), total L&Z intake (5.3 ± 6.4, 5.5 ± 5.4, and 11.0 ± 8.3 mg/d, P < 0.01), and MPOV (1.04 ± 0.46, 1.02 ± 0.52, and 1.33 ± 0.61). Groups did not differ in dietary intake (3.8 ± 4.5, 3.4 ± 3.2, and 3.7 ± 3.8 mg/d), plasma HDL, or HDL/LDL. Associations were strong between plasma L&Z and MPOV (r = 0.41-0.67, P < 0.01); moderate between total intake and plasma L&Z (Spearman r = 0.29-0.50, P < 0.01); weaker but significant for L&Z intake, and MPOV (r = 0.22-0.30, P < 0.01) of 3-mm-diameter macula lutea only, for eAMD and iAMD.
CONCLUSIONS: In a large US sample, we assess for the first time L&Z intake from diet and supplements and determined the relative strength of correlations among intake, plasma, and retinal xanthophylls. We replicate our earlier finding of elevated retinal and plasma L&Z in iAMD. LZQ and 2WAF are suitable outcome measures for future interventions that directly test the impact of L&Z on AMD onset and progression.
METHODS: Adults ≥63 years old from a comprehensive ophthalmology clinic underwent assessments: macular health (Age-Related Eye Disease Study [AREDS] 9-step); self-reported L&Z intake from diet (LZQ Food Frequency Questionnaire) and supplements; total intake; macular pigment optical volume (MPOV; in 2WAF); non-fasting plasma L&Z; and HDL and LDL cholesterol. Associations were adjusted for age and HDL/LDL.
RESULTS: We studied 369 persons (74 ± 5.8 years, 60% women, 89% White, 62% never-smoker, and 23% supplement use) and 369 eyes (48.4% healthy, 26.0% early AMD [eAMD], and 25.2% intermediate AMD [iAMD]). Diagnostic groups differed in supplement users (10%, 17%, and 56%), total L&Z intake (5.3 ± 6.4, 5.5 ± 5.4, and 11.0 ± 8.3 mg/d, P < 0.01), and MPOV (1.04 ± 0.46, 1.02 ± 0.52, and 1.33 ± 0.61). Groups did not differ in dietary intake (3.8 ± 4.5, 3.4 ± 3.2, and 3.7 ± 3.8 mg/d), plasma HDL, or HDL/LDL. Associations were strong between plasma L&Z and MPOV (r = 0.41-0.67, P < 0.01); moderate between total intake and plasma L&Z (Spearman r = 0.29-0.50, P < 0.01); weaker but significant for L&Z intake, and MPOV (r = 0.22-0.30, P < 0.01) of 3-mm-diameter macula lutea only, for eAMD and iAMD.
CONCLUSIONS: In a large US sample, we assess for the first time L&Z intake from diet and supplements and determined the relative strength of correlations among intake, plasma, and retinal xanthophylls. We replicate our earlier finding of elevated retinal and plasma L&Z in iAMD. LZQ and 2WAF are suitable outcome measures for future interventions that directly test the impact of L&Z on AMD onset and progression.